Desktop shortcuts

Action	Windows XP/Windows Vista	Mac OS	KDE	GNOME
Activate Menu bar	Alt, or F10	Ctrl+F2
File menu	Alt+F		Alt+F	Alt+F
Edit menu	Alt+E		Alt+E	Alt+E
View menu	Alt+V		Alt+V	Alt+V
Undo the last operation	Ctrl+Z	⌘ Cmd+Z	Ctrl+Z	Ctrl+Z
Redo the last operation	Ctrl+Y	⇧ Shift+⌘ Cmd+Z	⇧ Shift+Ctrl+Z	⇧ Shift+Ctrl+Z
Cut the selected area and store it in the clipboard	Ctrl+X, or ⇧ Shift+Del	⌘ Cmd+X	Ctrl+X	Ctrl+X
Copy the selected area into the clipboard	Ctrl+C, or Ctrl+Ins	⌘ Cmd+C	Ctrl+C	Ctrl+C
Paste contents of clipboard at cursor	Ctrl+V, or ⇧ Shift+Ins	⌘ Cmd+V	Ctrl+V	Ctrl+V
Select everything in focused control or window	Ctrl+A	⌘ Cmd+A		Ctrl+A

 Text editing

Many of these commands may be combined with ⇧ Shift to select a region of text. ^[1]

Action	Windows XP/Windows Vista	Mac OS	KDE	GNOME
start of line	Home	⌘ Cmd+←	Home	Home
end of line	End	⌘ Cmd+→	End	End
start of document	Ctrl + Home	Home (scroll only, cursor not moved)	Ctrl + Home	Ctrl + Home
end of document	Ctrl + End	End (scroll only, cursor not moved)	Ctrl + End	Ctrl + End
previous word	Ctrl+←	⌥ Opt+←	Ctrl+←	Ctrl+←
next word	Ctrl+→	⌥ Opt+→	Ctrl+→	Ctrl+→
previous line break	Ctrl+↑	⌥ Opt+↑	Ctrl+↑ (kword)	Ctrl+↑
next line break	Ctrl+↓	⌥ Opt+↓	Ctrl+↓ (kword)	Ctrl+↓

 Web browsers

Action	Windows XP/Windows Vista	Mac OS	KDE	GNOME
Bookmarks menu	Alt+B	⌘ Cmd+⌥ Opt+B	Alt+B	Alt+B
URL Shortcuts (Adds www + .com)	Ctrl+↵ Enter	⌘ Cmd+↵ Enter	Ctrl+↵ Enter	Ctrl+↵ Enter
URL Shortcuts (Adds www + .org)	Ctrl+⇧ Shift+↵ Enter	⇧ Shift+⌘ Cmd+↵ Enter	Ctrl+⇧ Shift+↵ Enter	Ctrl+⇧ Shift+↵ Enter
URL Shortcuts (Adds www + .net)	⇧ Shift +↵ Enter	⇧ Shift +↵ Enter	⇧ Shift +↵ Enter	⇧ Shift +↵ Enter
Add a bookmark for the current location	Ctrl+D	⌘ Cmd+D	Ctrl+B	Ctrl+D
Manage bookmarks	Ctrl+B	⌘ Cmd+⌥ Opt+B (Safari)		Ctrl+B
Reload page from cache	F5, or Ctrl+R	⌘ Cmd+R		Ctrl+R
Reload page bypassing cache	Ctrl+F5, or Ctrl+⇧ Shift+R	⇧ Shift+⌘ Cmd+R	F5	Ctrl+⇧ Shift+R

Go menu

Action	Windows XP/Windows Vista	Mac OS	KDE	GNOME
Go to Browser		⌘ Cmd+L
Go to the previous location in history	Alt+← or Backspace(Internet Explorer)	⌘ Cmd+[ or ⌘ Cmd+←	Alt+←	Alt+←
Go to the next location in history	Alt+→	⌘ Cmd+] or ⌘ Cmd+→	Alt+→	Alt+→
Go up one level in the navigation hierarchy	Alt+↑(Vista only) or Backspace(Windows Explorer)	⌘ Cmd+↑	Alt+↑	Alt+↑
Go to the starting page defined by the user or application	Alt+Home	⌘ Cmd+Home	Ctrl+Home	Alt+Home
Go back a page		⌘ Cmd+{

Text formatting

Action	Windows XP/Windows Vista	Mac OS	KDE	GNOME
Make selected text bold/regular	Ctrl+B	⌘ Cmd+B	Ctrl+B	Ctrl+B
Toggle underlining of selected text	Ctrl+U	⌘ Cmd+U	Ctrl+U	Ctrl+U
Make selected text italic/regular	Ctrl+I	⌘ Cmd+I	Ctrl+I	Ctrl+I
Change to upper/lower case	⇧ Shift+F3	⌥ Opt+⌘ Cmd+C
Make selected text superscript	Ctrl+⇧ Shift++
Make selected text subscript	Ctrl++

 Window management

Action	Windows XP/Windows Vista	Mac OS	KDE	GNOME
Switch to next/previous focused window	Alt+Tab ⇆ / ⇧ Shift+Alt+Tab ⇆	⌘ Cmd+Tab ⇆ / ⇧ Shift+⌘ Cmd+Tab ⇆	Alt+Tab ⇆ / ⇧ Shift+Alt+Tab ⇆	Alt+Tab ⇆ / ⇧ Shift+Alt+Tab ⇆
Switch focus to the next/previous window (without dialog)	Alt+Esc / ⇧ Shift+Alt+Esc	Ctrl+F4 or ⌘ Cmd+`		Alt+Esc / ⇧ Shift+Alt+Esc
Switch focus to the next/previous panel on the desktop				Ctrl+Alt+Tab ⇆ / ⇧ Shift+Ctrl+Alt+Tab ⇆
Switch focus to the next/previous panel (without dialog)				Ctrl+Alt+Esc / ⇧ Shift+Ctrl+Alt+Esc
Pop up window menu	Alt+Space		Alt+F3	Alt+Space
Close the focused window	Alt+F4 or Ctrl+F4 or Alt+Space then C or Ctrl + W	⌘ Cmd+W	Alt+F4	Alt+F4
Restore the focused window to its previous size				Alt+F5
Move the focused window	Alt+Space then M then Arrow Keys			Alt+F7
Resize the focused window	Alt+Space then S then Arrow Keys			Alt+F8
Minimize the focused window	Alt+Space then N	⌘ Cmd+M	Win+-	Alt+F9
Maximize the focused window	Alt+Space then X		Win++	Alt+F10
Maximize horizontally			Win+=
Maximize vertically			Win+Space
Minimize all	Win+M	⌘ Cmd+Alt+M	Ctrl+Alt+D	Ctrl+Alt+D
Undo minimize all	⇧ Shift+Win+M		Ctrl+Alt+D	Ctrl+Alt+D
Switch fullscreen/normal size	F11		F11
Show the window in full screen mode, with no border, menubar, toolbar or statusbar		Depends on application	Ctrl+⇧ Shift+F	Ctrl+F11
Rollup/down window		⌘ Cmd+M	Win+_	Alt+F12
Move window to left/right/up/down workspace	win+ctrl+arrow keys			⇧ Shift+Alt+Left / Right / Up / Down
Move window to desktop X			Win+Alt+FX
Switch to next/previous desktop		Ctrl+Right / Ctrl+Left (Leopard)	Win+Tab ⇆ / Win+⇧ Shift+Tab ⇆
Switch to next/previous desktop list			Ctrl+Tab ⇆ / ⇧ Shift+Ctrl+Tab ⇆
Go to desktop X			Ctrl+FX / ⇧ Shift+Ctrl+FX
Go to left/right/up/down desktop				Ctrl+Alt+Left / Right / Up / Down
Show / hide desktop	Win+D	F11	Ctrl+Alt+D	Ctrl+Alt+D
Activate window demanding attention			Ctrl+Alt+A
Kill window	Alt+F4 or Ctrl+F4 varies [2]	⌘ Cmd+Q [3]	Ctrl+Alt+Esc
Close dialog	Esc	Esc

Widget navigation

Action	Windows XP/Windows Vista	Mac OS	KDE	GNOME
Moves keyboard focus to next/previous control	Tab ⇆ / ⇧ Shift+Tab ⇆		Tab ⇆ / ⇧ Shift+Tab ⇆	Tab ⇆ / ⇧ Shift+Tab ⇆
Pop up tooltip for currently focused control	⇧ Shift+F1			Ctrl+F1
Show context-sensitive help for currently focused window or control	⇧ Shift+F1	⌘ Cmd+?	⇧ Shift+F1	⇧ Shift+F1
Give focus to next/previous pane	Ctrl+F6 / Alt+F6	⌘ Cmd+`		F6 / ⇧ Shift+F6
Give focus to splitter bar in paned window				F8
Give focus to window's menu bar	F10 or Alt	Ctrl+F2	Alt	F10
Pop up contextual menu for currently selected objects	⇧ Shift+F10 or Menu		Menu	⇧ Shift+F10
Toggle selected state of focused checkbox, radio button, or toggle button	Space	Space	Space	Space
Activate focused button, menu item etc.	↵ Enter	↵ Enter	↵ Enter	↵ Enter
Select/move to first/last item in selected widget			Home / End	Home / End
Scroll selected view by one page up/left/down/right				PageUp / Ctrl+PageUp / PageDown / Ctrl+PageDown

 Tab management

Action	Windows XP/Windows Vista	Mac OS	KDE	GNOME
Create new tab	Ctrl+T	⌘ Cmd+T	Ctrl+⇧ Shift+N or Ctrl+T	Ctrl+T
Close current tab	Ctrl+W	⌘ Cmd+W		Ctrl+W
Go to next/previous tab	Ctrl+Tab ⇆ / Ctrl+⇧ Shift+Tab ⇆	⌘ Cmd+{ / ⌘ Cmd+} or ⌘ Cmd+⇧ Shift+Left / ⌘ Cmd+⇧ Shift+Right (Safari)	Ctrl+, / Ctrl+.	Ctrl+PageUp / Ctrl+PageDown

 Desktop navigation

Action	Windows XP/Windows Vista	Mac OS	KDE	GNOME
Run new application	Win+R		Alt+F2	Alt+F2
Open new browser window with same page as current	Ctrl+N	⌘ Cmd+N (Non-default user option in Safari)
Start menu / Applications menu	Win or Ctrl+Esc	⌘ Cmd+⇧ Shift+A	Alt+F1	Alt+F1
Copy a screenshot to clipboard	Print Screen or Ctrl+Print Screen	⌘ Cmd+Ctrl+⇧ Shift+3 (⌘ Cmd+⇧ Shift+3 to create as a file on the desktop)	Ctrl+Print	Print
Copy a screenshot of window to clipboard	Alt+Print Screen	⌘ Cmd+Ctrl+⇧ Shift+4 then Space (⌘ Cmd+⇧ Shift+4 to create as a file on the desktop)	Alt+Print	Alt+Print
Lock desktop	Win+L or Ctrl+Alt+Space		Ctrl+Alt+L	Ctrl+Alt+L
Show desktop	Win+D	F11	Ctrl+Alt+D	Ctrl+Alt+D
Switch active user	Win+L [4]		Ctrl+Alt+L
Task manager	Ctrl+⇧ Shift+Esc, Ctrl+Alt+Delete[5]	⌘ Cmd+⌥ Opt+Esc	Ctrl+Esc
Rename file	F2	↵ Enter	F2	F2

[edit] Command line shortcuts

Below is a list of common keyboard shortcuts that are used in a command line environment.

Action	Microsoft Windows (cmd.exe)	Microsoft Windows (Windows PowerShell)	Unix/Linux/Mac OS X (bash)	Unix/Linux/Mac OS X (POSIX shell)
Scroll through History of typed commands	↑/↓	↑/↓	↑/↓	ESC K/ESC J
Signal end-of-file	Ctrl+Z		Ctrl+D
Abort current command/typing	Ctrl+C	Ctrl+C	Ctrl+C	Ctrl+C
Erase word to the left			Ctrl+W
Erase word to the right			Alt+D
Erase line to the left	Esc		Ctrl+U
Erase line to the right	Esc	Ctrl+End	Ctrl+K
Move one word to the left (backward)	Ctrl+←	Ctrl+←	Alt+B
Move one word to the right (forward)	Ctrl+→	Ctrl+→	Alt+F
Move to beginning of line	Home	Home	Ctrl+A
Move to end of line	End	End	Ctrl+E
Reverse search of history	F7	F8	Ctrl+R
Send current job to the background			Ctrl+Z
Insert the next character typed verbatim			Ctrl+V
Autocomplete command/file name	Tab ⇆ (if enabled eg. via TweakUI)	Tab ⇆	Tab ⇆ (usually twice)	Esc (usually twice